GAGE, ADELAIDE 1832-1920

Adelaide Gage was born in Ballycastle, County Antrim. She was the daughter of the Rev. Robert Gage of Rathlin Island, who was both rector and owner of the island. She travelled in Europe and stayed with her sister, Countess von Roden, in Heideldberg. She was a keen botanist, and the Belfast Natural History and Philosophical Society refers to her illustrated book of flora and fauna of Rathlin, the whereabouts of which is now unknown. Her grave is in Ramoan Churchyard, Ballycastle.

GAGE, CATHERINE (nee BOYD) 1791-1852

Catherine Boyd was born in Belfast and lived in Ballycastle, County Antrim. In 1812 she married the Rev. Robert Gage of Rathlin Island, where she lived for the rest of her life. She wrote a two-volume History of Rathlin Island, with illustrations and maps, which begins in the prehistoric era and ends in 1851. The manuscript was unpublished.

GAGE, CATHERINE 1815-1892

Catherine Gage was born in County Down. She lived all her life in the Manor House on Rathlin Island. She was an artist, and during her lifetime painted she painted over five hundred watercolour pictures of birds of Rathlin.

GAGE, DOROTHEA (COUNTESS VON RODEN) 1835-1883

Dorothea Gage was born in County Antrim. In 1864 she went on a visit to Baden Baden, where she met His Serene Highness Albrecht, Prince of Warbeck and Pyrmonte (part of Prussia). He followed her back to Rathlin, and in 1864 they were married in the Chapel Royal, Dublin Castle. In 1867, Queen Victoria created her Countess von Roden. She died in Heidelberg.

GAGE, ROBERT 1813-1891

Robert Gage was born in Ballycastle, County Antrim, and was educated at the Derry Diocesan School and Trinity College, Dublin, from where he received a Master of Arts degree in 1843. He returned to Rathlin and remained there for the rest of his life. On his death, his Birds of Rathlin Island was donated to the Belfast Museum.

GALL, ST c.550-c.645

Gall was born in Ireland and educated at Bangor, County Down, by St Columbanus. In 585 he went with Columbanus to Luxeuil in France. He remained in Switzerland when Columbanus departed for Italy and preached to the people in their own language. Gall established the celebrated monastery of Arbon with its striking architecture and its rich library, and gave his name to the surrounding region. His sermon preached at an ordination ceremony is still extant, and a record of his life written in 771 surviving in fragmentary form is said to be the earliest of its kind. His feast-day is on the 16th of October and he is known as 'the Apostle of Switzerland'.

GALLAGHER, CHARLES fl. 1964-196

Charlie Gallagher was a dentist and played gaelic football for County Cavan. In 1964, 1967 and 1969 he won Ulster Senior Football Championship medals. He won four Railway Cup medals with Ulster in 1964, 1965, 1966 when he captained the team, and 1968. He is the only Cavan man to score the `ton up' in one season in 1964. In 1965 and 1967 he was also the country's leading football marksman. He was selected for the the `Team of the Century' side for football players who had never won an All-Ireland medal. He died in a drowning accident.

GALLAGHER, PATRICK 1873-1966

Patrick Gallagher was born in Cleendra, near Dungloe, County Donegal. For a short period he attended Roshine school. From the age of nine he was hired out as a ploughboy in the Laggan district for very little pay. At the age of seventeen he left to work in Scotland and saved enough money to return home and buy a farm. He was responsible for establishing the Templecrone Co-operative Society, known locally as 'the Cope', and became known as 'Paddy the Cope'. He had a pier built at Dungloe and installed a generator which supplied free power to the local churches and lit the main street. He exported flagstones and knitted garments and improved the prosperity of the town. George Russell (AE) persuaded him to write his autobiography, My Story; 1939.

GALLAGHER, PATRICK (PATSY or `THE MIGHTY ATOM') 1894-1954

Patrick Gallagher was born in Milford, County Donegal. He was a soccer interna-tional and joined Glasgow Celtic at the age of seventeen. He won four Scottish Cup medals and six Scottish League Championship medals with Glasgow Celtic. Between 1911 and 1926 he scored one hundred and eighty-four goals in four hundred and thirty-six matches. He later played for Falkirk from 1926 to 1932. He won eleven caps for Northern Ireland between 1920 and 1927 and also a cap for the Irish Free State.

GALLAHER, DAVID 1873-1917

Dave Gallaher was born in Ramelton, County Donegal and emigrated to Auck-land, New Zealand. He was an international rugby player and was the first captain of the All-Blacks when they played Australia in 1903. From 1905 to 1906 he was captain of the first All-Blacks side to tour the Brit-ish Isles. He was killed at Passchendale in the First World War.

GALLAHER, THOMAS 1840-1927

Thomas Gallagher was born at Templemoyle, near Derry. He began to make tobacco in Derry in 1857, but ten years later transferred his business to Belfast and in 1896 opened a large factory in York Street, which produced many types of tobacco, cigarettes and snuff.

GALWAY, MARY 19th to 20th century

Mary Galway lived in the Springfield Road area of Belfast. She was appointed General Secretary of the Irish Textile Operatives' Union in 1897. She spoke out forcefully on behalf of women textile workers, who suffered atrocious working conditions, and she contributed articles on the linen industry to the Voice of Ireland. She addressed rallys and collected funds during the Belfast dockers' and carters' strike. An active member of the executive of the Belfast Trades Council, she was elected Vice-President of the Irish Trade Union Congress in 1910. In the same year she had a rift with James Connolly. In 1915 she set up a Trade Board for outworkers, the most exploited of the textile workers, and she was largely instrumental in getting the first woman factory inspector appointed in Ireland, having approached in person the President of the Board of Trade in London. She was fundamental in banning the system of the half-timers, whereby children divided their week between the factory and the school, and in reducing the working week by seven hours to forty-eight hours.

GALWEY, HONORIA 1830-1924

Honoria Galwey was born in the Waterside, Derry. From an early age she was sung to by her father, and began listening to folk-songs. She travelled on the continent and when she returned, her enthusiasm for collecting music became central to her life. She once wrote: 'Fiddles, pipes, concertinas, Jews' harps (or trumps), lasses lilting, lads whistling, to each and all I am indebted'. In 1810 she published Old Irish Croonauns and other tunes, said to be one of the best collection sof Irish melodies extant. The words to many of the tunes were composed by Moira O'Neill of the Glens of Antrim. Honoria Galway claimed that the Londonderry Air belonged as much to County Donegal as to County Londonderry.

GAMBLE, JOHN 1770-1831

John Gamble was born in Strabane, County Tyrone, and was educated in Edinburgh, where he became a doctor. He served as a surgeon in the army, and after a trip to Holland returned home. He travelled the country and wrote novels and prose sketches which reflect life in Ulster in the early nineteenth century. His titles include Sarsfield, or Wanderings of Youth; Howard and Northern Irish Tales.

GAMBLE, JOSIAS b.1776

Josias Gamble was born in Enniskillen, County Fermanagh and studied chemistry at Glasgow. He returned to Belfast as a minister, but became interested in the manufacture of bleach for the linen industry. He established himself as a chemical manufacturer producing sulphuric acid and soda for soap. Having settled in St Helens, Lancashire, he played a leading role in the establishment of the British chemical industry.

GANDON, JAMES 1743-1823

James Gandon was born in England and began to practise as an architect in 1764. In 1781 he came to Dublin to supervise the construction of the docks and Custom House and at the same time was working on the design of the Four Courts. Among other things, he designed Bishop's Gate in Derry. He was a member of the Royal Irish Academy. He is buried in Drumcondra churchyard.

GARRETT, JAMES RAMSEY 1817-1855

James Garrett was a solicitor in Belfast who was interested in science and natural history and was also a keen ornithologist. He assisted William Thompson in the publication of The Natural History of Ireland, which is still a standard authority on the subject.

GARVEY, JOHN 1527-1595

John Garvey was born in County Kilkenny and was educated at Oxford. He was appointed Dean of Ferns in 1558 and of christ church in 1565. After serving as Bishop of Kilmore from 1585 to 1589, he was appointed Archbishop of Armagh and remained there until his death.

GEDDES, WILHEMINA 1887-1955

Wilhemina Geddes was born in Drumreilly, County Leitrim, and was educated at Methodist College, Belfast, the Belfast School of Art and the Metropolitan School of Art, Dublin. Her work was included in the 1914 Expostion des Arts Decoratifs in the Louvres. Rosamund Praeger recognised her talent and took some of her watercolours to an exhibition in Dublin, where they were brought to the attention of Sarah Purser. She became a member of Sarah Purser's Studio of Ecclesiastical Art, An Tur Gloine. As well as being one of the first of the Dublin stained glass artists, she designed book-jackets, book plates, stamps, posters, as well as illustrating books. She was also a needlw worker and worked on lino prints. She exhibited at the Society of Scottish Arts, the Ulster Academy, and at the British Empire exhibition at Wembley. The Royal Hibernian Academy held exhibitions of her work in 1913, 1914, 1916 and 1930. She designed a window at St Anne's Church, Dawson Street, Dublin, one at Monea Church, Enniskillen, three at All Saints' Church, Dun Laoghaire, one at St John's Church, Malone Road, Belfast, and two windows at Inver Church, Larne. Her windows in Wellington, New Zealand and Bartholomew's Church in Ottawa, Canada, established her international reputation. In 1929 she completed an eight panelled window on the theme of the Children of Lir for the Ulster Museum and in 1938 she installed the Great Rose Window in the Cathedral of Ypres in memory of King Albert of the Belgians. Her work in represented in many places, including the Victoria and Albert Museum, London, and more than thirty of her designs for stained glass windows are in the National Gallery of Ireland, Dublin.

GETTY, EDMUND 1799-1857

Edmund Getty was born in Belfast and was educated at Belfast Academy and at the Royal Belfast Academical Institution. He rose to be Ballast Master of the Belfast Ballast Board and was later Secretary of the Belfast Harbour Board. He was responsible for the reclamation of the slob-lands on the County Down coast and the construction of a park and 'Crystal Palace' on the site which Harland & Wolff now occupies. He earned a reputation as an antiquary and a linguist, and among his publications are Chinese Seals in Ireland; The History of the Harbour Board; Last King of Ulster and articles on many subject such as Tory Island, round towers and the old ford of Belfast. He promoted Ulster institutions such as the Literary Society, the Natural History and Philosophical Society and the Botanic Gardens. He died in London.

GIBSON, JOHN GEORGE 1846-1924

John Gibson was born in Dublin and educated at Portora, Enniskillen and Trinity College, Dublin. He achieved a double first and was called to the Bar in 1870. By 1880 he was Queen's Counsel and having served consecutively as Solicitor-General and Attorney-General, he became member of parliament for Walton from 1885 to 1888 and in the latter year was appointed a judge. He died at Colwyn Bay.

GIBSON, JOHN GEORGE 1920-1974

John George Gibson was born in Belfast and was educated at the Royal Belfast Academical Institution and Queen's University, Belfast. After serving in the Royal Air Force in Africa, he became a doctor of medicine in 1946. He trained as a psychiatrist at the Institute of Psychiatry and at Harvard, where he worked at the Massachusetts General Hospital. On his return he became senior lecturer in the Institute of Psychiatry and consultant to the Bethlem - Maudsley Joint Hospital. He published The Versatile Spud, which was the result of his research on the possible relationship between the incidence of congenital nervous system anomalies and the consumption of potatoes. His work covered the scientific study of psychosomatic interrelationships, thyroid disorders and muscle-tension pain in anxiety. In 1957 he became Foundation Professor of Mental Health. He was an examiner for, and a Fellow of both the Royal College of Physicians in London and the Royal College of Psychiatrists. In 1973 he was appointed Chairman of the Northern Ireland Association for Mental Health.

GIBSON, WILLIAM 1808-1867

William Gibson was born in Ballymena, County Antrim. He was educated in Belfast and Edinburgh and was ordained in the Presbyterian Church in Ballybay, County Monaghan, in 1834 . After settling in Belfast in 1842 he founded the Banner of Ulster, a newspaper which was published three times a week. In 1847 he was appointed Professor of Christian Ethics at the Presbyterian Assembly's College in Belfast. He published in 1860 The Year of Grace.

GILBERT, CLAUDIUS 1670-1743

Claudius Gilbert was born in Belfast and was educated at Trinity College, Dublin, where he became a fellow in 1693 and Vice-Provost in 1716. In 1735 he was appointed Rector of Ardstraw, County Tyrone. He bequeathed many of his books to Trinity College Library.

GILBERT, LADY see MULHOLLAND, ROSA

GILLESPIE, ROBERT ROLLO 1766-1814

Robert Gillespie was born in Comber, County Down. He joined the army in 1783 and served in the West Indies. He fought a duel in which William Barrington was killed, though Gillespie was acquitted of murder. He next went to India, where he is said to have suppressed a mutiny at Vellore and was in command of cavalry which fought Runjeet-Singh in 1809. He was appointed military governor of the island of Java and in 1812 was part of the force which conquered Sumatra. He was promoted to the rank of major-general, but was killed in action in Nepal in 1814. He was knighted posthumously. His monument is in the square, Comber, County Down.

GILLESPIE, WILLIAM 1891-1981

Billy Gillespie was born in Derry and was an international soccer player. He played for Derry City, Leeds United and Sheffield. Between 1913 and 1931 he scored twelve goals in twenty-five international games for Northern Ireland. He was manager of Derry City Football Club for nine years. He is still the most capped Sheffield United player, and won twenty-five caps while he was at the club.

GILMORE, GEORGE 1898-1985

George Gilmore was born in Belfast and was reared in Howth and Foxrock, Dublin. He was arrested many times and imprisoned for one year as an active member of the Irish Republican Army. In 1926 he was the leader of a raid made on Mountjoy Prison, which released nineteen prisoners. In 1934 he was instrumental, with others, in establishing the Republican Congress to set up a Workers' Republic. In order to achieve this he had left the Irish Republican Army. The Republican Congress had the support of the Communist Party of Ireland and some trade unions, but dissolved in 1935. During the Spanish Civil War he recruited volunteers to fight on the Republican side. He died in Howth.

GIVEN, THOMAS 1850-1917

Thomas Given lived in Cullybackey, County Antrim. He left school in 3rd class to work on the farm. After a short stay in America, he returned to Cullybackey, where he remained for the rest of his life. He was a Justice of the Peace and an active Freemason, secretary of his lodge for twenty-five years. His Ulster Scots dialect poems are published, along with those of his brothers, Patrick Given (1837-1864) and Samuel Fee Given (1845-1867) in Poems from College and Country by Three Brothers (1900). [Biography by Rev. George R. Buick]

GLASGOW, JAMES 1805-1840

James Glasgow was born in Clough, County Antrim. He became a missionary in India with the Irish Presbyterian Church and was a professor of oriental languages.

GLASS, JAMES 1847-1931

James Glass established a business as a portrait and landscape photographer in Derry city in 1870. His speciality was portraits finished in crayon, oil or watercolour and some were executed on porcelain. He is remembered for an album of twenty-four photographs which he took in the Gweedore district, County Donegal, and is a unique record of the life of the people.

GLENDY, JOHN 1778-1832

John Glendy was born in Maghera, County Londonderry and ordained as a Presbyterian clergyman. Having become involved in the United Irishmen he emigrated to America in 1798. He became a Commodore in the United States Navy and was chosen as chaplain of the House of Representatives.

GLOVER, JULIA (nee BETTERTON or BUTTERTON) c.1779-1850

Julia Betterton was born in Newry, County Down. She began her stage career when she was six years old, as an infant prodigy, reputedly exploited by her father, who was also an actor. She played at York and Bath, and after her unhappy marriage in 1800 she appeared with Edmund Kean at Drury Lane. She is said to have been an accomplished and able actress, the first comic actress of her time. Her last performance, four days before her death, was as Mrs Malaprop in Sheridan's The Rivals.

GOBAN SAER, (alias GOBBAN, ST) early 7th century

Goban Saer was a legendary figure, reputedly born in Turvey, Dublin. He is said to have constructed many ecclesiastical buildings, mainly in the north of the country, and ascribed to him are the towers of Kilmacduagh and Antrim. It is said by some of the annalists that he became blind in old age as a punishment for the exorbitant charges he had made for his services. Near Ballycastle, County Antrim, there are ruins which are said to be Goban Saer's church. No fewer than eight saints named Goban appear in the martyrology of Donegal.

GODKIN, EDWIN LAWRENCE 1831-1902

Edwin Godkin was born at Moine, County Wicklow, and was educated at Queen's College, Belfast, and Lincoln's Inn. He was correspondent of the Daily News in the Crimea and emigrated to America in 1856. He was called to the Bar in 1858 and in 1865 founded the influential newspaper, The Nation, in New York. He was a renowned journalist and published, among other works, History of Hungary. He was made an honorary Doctor of Civil Law at Oxford in 1897 and returned to England in 1900. In Harvard the 'Godkin Lectures' were established in his memory. [Biography by R. Ogden]

GODKIN, JAMES 1806-1879

James Godkin was born in Gorey, County Wexford, and was ordained in the Congregational Church in Armagh. He moved to Belfast, where he founded the Christian Patriot, a weekly newspaper. Later he was to become editor of the Derry Standard and the Dublin Express. In 1868 he started the National Review which was published in Dublin. He was author of many works on history and economics and won a prize for his essay on Repeal. He was the father of Edwin Lawrence Godkin.

GODLEY, ALFRED DENIS 1856-1925

Alfred Godley was born in Ashfield, County Cavan. He was educated at Harrow and Balliol College, Oxford. He was a tutor and Fellow of Magdalen College from 1883 until 1912. He edited and translated the works of Herodotus, Tacitus and Horace and edited the poems of Thomas Moore and W. M. Praed. From 1910 to 1920 he was joint editor of the Classical Review. Among his publications are Verses of Order; Lyra Frivola and The Casual Ward. He died in Oxford.

GOOD, JAMES WINDER 1877-1930

James Good was educated at the Royal Academical Institution and Queen's College, Belfast. He was a reporter on the Northern Whig and then moved to Dublin where he became leader-writer for the Freeman's Journal. He was assistant editor of the Irish Statesman and joined the staff of the Irish Independent. During this period he was correspondent for English and American newspapers and highly regarded in the field of journalism. He was the author of Ulster and Ireland and Irish Unionism. He died in Dublin.

GORDON, ELLEN late 19th century

Ellen Gordon was a doffing mistress in Owen O'Cork's Mill in Belfast. She was employed, along with Winifred Carney and Marie Johnson, by James Connolly, to help organise the Irish Textile Workers' Union. She was a fine orator and was popular among the mill girls. She campaigned for the Dublin workers during the 1913 lock-out and collected money to be sent to the workers' families. Winifred Carney, James Grimley, Cathal O'Shannon and Ellen Gordon became known as the 'Don't Give A Damn' League. In 1915 she married James Grimley. She was an active member of Cumann na mBan and supported the Labour Party. She had a second-hand furniture shop off the Newtownards Road, but left to live in Dublin after sectarian troubles in 1935.

GORDON, JAMES BENTLEY 1749-1819

James Gordon was born at Neeve Hall, County Londonderry. He was educated at Trinity College, Dublin, and ordained in 1773. After a period of ministry in County Cork he became Rector of Killegney. He wrote a History of the Rebellion of 1798; a History of Ireland, 1806 and Terraquea.

GORDON, THOMAS GISBORNE 1852-1935

Thomas Gordon was educated at Rugby and was capped for Ireland three times in international rugby. He played international rugby as a three-quarter without his right hand which he had lost in a shooting accident.

GORMFLAITH c.870-925

Gormflaith was the daughter of Flann Sionna, who was High King of Ireland from 879 to 916. She was bethrothed to Cormac Mac Cuileannain, the King-Bishop of Cashel, who was killed by King Cearbhall of Leinster. Cearbhall then married Gormflaith. Gormflaith's third husband, Niall Glundubh, who became High King of Ireland in 916 was killed by the Danes in 919. She wrote poetry about her husbands and her son, some of which is quoted in the Irish annals. Gormflaith became a beggar and died in poverty. The lyrics were discovered in the Dean of Lismore's compilation of Gaelic poetry.

GOUDY, ALEXANDER PORTER 1809-1858

Alexander Goudy was born in County Down. He was a Presbyterian minister in Strabane, County Tyrone, from 1833 to 1858 and became Doctor of Divinity in 1851. In 1857 he was appointed Moderator of the General Assembly. He contributed to Plea of Presbytery and Presbyterianism Defended. He was the grandson of the Rev. James Porter of Greyabbey, who was hanged in 1798. [Biography T. Croskery]

GOUDY, HENRY 1848-1921

Henry Goudy was born in Strabane, County Tyrone, and was educated in Glasgow, Edinburgh and Konigsberg. He was called to the Scottish Bar and became Professor of Civil Law in Edinburgh in 1889 and later at Oxford in 1893. He was made a Fellow of All Souls' College, Oxford. As well as having published many legal works, he was editor of the Juridical Review. He died in Oxford.

GRAHAM, JOHN 1776-1844

John Graham was born in County Longford and was educated at Trinity College, Dublin. He was ordained in 1798 and became Rector of Magilligan, County Londonderry, until 1824. He was an Orangeman and was imprisoned for riorous behaviour in the early nineteenth century. Many of his publications appeared in periodicals, and he also published Annals of Ireland; Derriana and volumes of verse. He died at Magilligan.

GRAHAM, JOHN 1813-1896

John Graham was born in Downpatrick, County Down and was educated at Belfast and Trinity College, Dublin, where he won the Vice-Chancellor's Prize for both verse and prose. In 1844 he was ordained in the Church of England and became curate at Margate and later incumbent of St Chad's, Lichfield and Prebendary of Lichfield Cathedral. [Biography by his daughter].

GRAHAM, JOHN 1822-1879

John Graham was born near Omagh, County Tyrone, and was a Methodist minister in Kinsale, Cork, Belfast and Dublin. He went to London to preach in 1855 and to Australia in 1864, where he stayed for twelve years. While attempting to rescue his niece at Cape May in America, he was drowned. Among his publications are poems, memoirs and sermons. [Biography by his brother].

GRAHAM, WALTER c.1763-1798

Walter Graham was born near Maghera, County Londonderry. He was a farmer and elder of a Presbyterian Church. He is thought to have been a colonel in the National Guard, to have recruited United Irishmen, and to have been arrested in 1796. In the following year he was released. Having been arrested again for participating in the 1798 rebellion, was hanged and beheaded.

GRAHAM, WILLIAM 1810-1883

William Graham was born in Clough, County Antrim, and was educated at the Royal Academical Institution, Belfast. He was ordained in 1836 and became minister of Dundonald, County Down. He went as a missionary to Hamburg and Bonn and to the Jews at Damascus. He worked in Bonn for thirty years and built a church there. He wrote many works, one of which, An Appeal to Israel, was written in four languages. He retired to Belfast, where he died.

GRAHAM, WILLIAM 1839-1911

William Graham was born in Saintfield, County Down, and was educated at Trinity College, Dublin, where he remained as a tutor for some years. He moved to Queen's College, Belfast, where he was Professor of Jurisprudence from 1882 to 1909. He published many works on philosophy and political economy andwas thought highly of by Gladstone and Carlyle. He died in Dublin.

GRAINGER, JOHN 1830-1891

John Grainger was born in Belfast and was educated at the Belfast Academy and Trinity College, Dublin. After a period in his father's shipping business in Belfast, he was ordained in the Church of Ireland in 1863 and as a curate he worked in Belfast and in the Dublin area for six years. He was a member of the Royal Irish Academy. He gained a Doctorate of Divinity and was an active member of the Belfast Natural History and Philosophical Society and the Belfast Naturalists' Field Club, of which he was President for some years. He was Rector of Broughshane, County Antrim, and Rural Dean of Antrim and wrote many articles on Irish geology and archaeology. He presented his very fine geological, numismatical and archaeological collections to the city of Belfast, and they are now housed in the Ulster Museum.

GRANARD, EARL OF see FORBES, GEORGE

GRAND, SARAH 1854-1943

Sarah Grand was born in Donaghadee, County Down. She was educated at home and when she was fourteen years old was sent to boarding school in England. At the age of sixteen she eloped with a thirty-nine-year-old naval surgeon. After she published her first novel she left her husband and son and went to London in order to write. As well as novels she wrote essays on the plight of women, for example 'Is it ever justifiable to break off an engagement?'. She served as Mayor of Bath for six years and was an active suffragette. Mark Twain and George Bernard Shaw both held her in high regard.

GRANT, THOMAS 1816-1870

Thomas Grant was born in Newry, County Down. He was educated at the English College at Rome, of which he became rector, as well as Doctor of Divinity. He worked for the re-establishment of the Catholic hierarchy in England, was appointed Bishop of Southwark in 1851 and was present at the famous Vatican Council in 1870. He died in Rome later in the same year. [Biography by K. O'Meara]

GRATTAN FLOOD see FLOOD

GRAVES, ROBERT JAMES 1796-1853

Robert Graves was born in Dublin and was educated at the Diocesan School of Downpatrick, County Down and Trinity College, Dublin where he took an arts degree in 1815 and a medical degree in 1818. He went on the grand tour of Europe and met Turner the artist. In 1820 he took the licence of the College of Physicians and in 1821 was appointed Physician to Meath Hospital, which became a renowned teaching hospital. With others he helped to found the School of Medicine in Park Street. He introduced to the students the stethoscope and practical diagnosis on real patients. In 1827 he was appointed King's Professor of the Institutes of Medicine in Dublin University. He practised during the famine of 1822 and wrote 'Report on the Fever lately prevalent in Galway'. With Sir Robert Kane he edited the Dublin Journal of Medical and Chemical Science and was the author of several papers. Among these was 'Newly Observed Affection of the Thyroid Gland in Females', the disease, exophthalmic goitre, which became known as 'Graves's disease'. He was the first person to describe peripheral neuritis in a seminal paper which is regarded as a historic contribution to neurology. In 1843 he was elected as President of the College of Physicians, and he was also Fellow of the Royal Society and a member of the Royal Irish Academy. His Studies in Physiology and Medicine was published posthumously.

GRAVES, THOMAS c.1747-1814

Thomas Graves was born at Castledawson, County Londonderry, and joined the navy when very young. In January 1783 he was in command of a ship which fought the French and in 1801 he was appointed Rear-Admiral of the White. This meant that he was second in command to Nelson when he bombarded Copenhagen. The Order of the Bath was conferred upon him personally by Nelson, and both the House of Lords and the House of Commons gave him a vote of thanks. He was made admiral in 1812 and died at his country seat in Devon.

GRAY, BETSY see GREY

GRAY, EDMUND DWYER 1845-1888

Edmund Gray was born in Dublin. He inherited the Freeman's Journal from his father. In 1875 he became a member of Dublin City Council and was appointed chairman of the Public Health Committee. In 1880 he was elected Lord Mayor of Dublin and organised a fund which raised £180,000 for the relief of famine-stricken districts. He was also proprietor of the Belfast Morning News. Between 1877 and 1888 he was elected to parliament for Tipperary, Carlow and Stephen's Green, Dublin.

GRAY, ROBERT DISNEY 1896-1980

Disney Gray was born in Ballybay, County Monaghan and was an international rugby player. He played for Old Wesley and the Barbarians and won four international caps for Ireland, two in 1923, and one in 1925 and 1926. He also rowed with the Dolphin club.

GRAY, WILLIAM 1830-1917

William Gray was born in County Cork, where he was educated. He worked as an engineer in England and developed an interest in geology and archaeology, especially the study of fossils. On returning to Ireland he became District Officer for the Board of Works in Belfast. He was a member of the Belfast Naturalists' Field Club and helped discover several important Stone Age sites, among them the early Mesolithic site at Mount Sandel, near Coleraine, County Londonderry, in the 1880s. He correctly dated the raised beach sites at Larne as post Ice Age. He was a member of the Royal Irish Academy and also of the British Association and was involved in the setting up of a Public Library system for Belfast. Among his publications is Irish Worked Flints, Ancient and Modern. His collection of Irish antiquities, including flint implements, was given to the Belfast Municipal Museum.

GREEN, EDWARD RODNEY RICHEY 1921-1981

Rodney Green was born in Belfast and was educated at the Royal Belfast Academical Institution and Trinity College, Dublin, where he graduated in Modern History in 1942. After a year working for the Ministry of Agriculture, he took up a lectureship. In 1945 he was appointed staff tutor in the Department of Extra-Mural Studies at Queen's University, Belfast, though he left this post after two years to continue his research in America. In 1950 he went to St Antony's College, Oxford and subsequently to the University of Manchester, where he was Lecturer and then Senior Lecturer in History from 1954 to 1970. In 1970 he returned to Belfast as Honorary Professor and Director of the Institute of Irish Studies, Queen's University. His interests included archaeology, contemporary economics and Donegal Irish. He published a study of the industrial and commercial history of the Lagan Valley in 1949, and in 1963 a regional study of County Down for the Ministry of Finance. He was a member of the Royal Irish Academy, the historic Monuments and Historic Buildings Councils, the Cultural Relations Committee of the Department of Foreign Affairs in Ireland, and of the Radio Telefis Eireann Authority.

GREEN, EDWARD THOMAS d.1965

E. T. Green was born in Hillsborough, County Down. He owned a mill that manufactured animal feed stuffs. He pioneered the distribution of farmers' informative literature, and had a keen awareness of their problems. He was active in the Young Farmers Clubs of Ulster, the Rural Industries Development Committee and the Royal Ulster Agricultural Society. He also gave his support for the establishment of the Ulster Folk Museum. He was awarded the CBE.

GREEN, WILLIAM ALFRED 1870-1958

William Alfred Green was born in Newry, County Down and was educated at the Friends' School, Lisburn, County Antrim. After a decline in his health, which resulted in his having to leave the family business, Forster Green, he became apprenticed to R. J. Welch, a professional photographer, before starting his own photographic business first in Belfast and later in Antrim. His work ranged from lantern slides for educational purposes to photographs for postcards, advertisements and book illustrations but his special interest was to record agricultural practices and folk customs. He carried out much work of this type in the area around Toomebridge, County Antrim. The majority of his pictures were taken between 1910 and 1930, and his collection is now in the Ulster Folk and Transport Museum, Cultra, County Down.

GREER, SAMUEL McCURDY 1810-1880

Samuel Greer was born in Springvale, Castlerock, County Londonderry and was educated at Belfast Academy and in Glasgow. He was called to the Bar in 1835 and was a co-founder of the Tenant League with Gavan Duffy in 1850. He was member of parliament for Derry city and County Londonderry from 1857 to 1859 and was Recorder of Derry from 1870 to 1878, when he became a county court judge in Cavan and Leitrim.

GREER, THOMAS d. c.1895

Tom Greer was born in Anahilt, County Down, studied medicine at Queen's College, Belfast and had a medical practise in Cambridge. In 1892 he unsuccessfully contested, as a Liberal Home Ruler, the seat for North Derry. He published A Modern Daedalus, which is based on the old County Londonderry folk-tale of Hudy McGuiggen, a boy who had learnt how to fly by watching the sea-birds.

GREEVES, THOMAS JACKSON 1886-1974

Thomas Greeves was an international rugby player who played for the North of Ireland Football Club. Between 1907 and 1909 he won five international rugby caps for Ire-land. From 1929 until 1930 he was President of the Irish Rugby Football Union.

GREGG, JOHN ROBERT 1867-1948

John Gregg was born in Rockcorry, County Monaghan, and was educated in Glasgow. For many years he studied stenography, and the natural motion of the hand dictated the construction of his own system of shorthand, which was first published as a twenty-eight-page pamphlet. In 1893 he went to America and then published the Gregg Shorthand Manual as well as several books on commercial education. In 1895 he settled in Chicago and established a publishing company. From 1920 he edited American Shorthand Teacher and in 1938 was given an award by the New York Academy of Public Education. His shorthand system is widely used and has been adapted to other languages. He died in New York.

GREGORY, PADRAIC 1886-1962

Padraic Gregory was born in Belfast and was educated in Ireland and America. He became an architect and designed the Catholic cathedral in Johannesburg and many ecclesiastical buildings in Ireland. Among his publications are Old World Ballads; Love Sonnets; Ulster Songs and Ballads and The Anglo-Irish Folk Songs of Padraic Gregory in two volumes.

GREW, GERTRUDE M. early 20th century

Gertrude M. Grew was born in Portadown and studied at the School of Art in Belfast and at the Royal College of Art in London. In the early 1920s she worked at embroidery before going to Dublin to open the Cluna Studios, where she was later joined by Margaret O'Keefe who specialised in enamelling. The studios produced hand-made jewellery, enamelled metal-work, stencilled fabrics and coloured embroidery. It also produced hand-coloured prints, calendars and cards, and hand-painted woodwork. Gertrude Grew decorated ceramics and won a bronze medal at the Tailteann Exhibition in 1924. By 1925 she had become a member of the Guild of Irish Art Workers.

GREY, ELIZABETH, (BETSY) d.1798

Betsy Grey was born in Granshaw, Bangor, County Down and is remembered for having taken part in the Battle of Ballynahinch on 13th June 1798. She, with her brother and her lover, Willie Boal, died in the battle. A monument was erected over her grave at Ballycreen in 1898.

GRIFFITH, JOHN PURSER 1848-1938

John Griffith was born in Holyhead, Anglesley, North Wales and was educated at Trinity College, Dublin. After he had qualified as a Civil Engineer he worked as Assistant Surveyor for County Antrim. From 1898 to 1913 he was Chief Engineer for the Dublin Port and Docks Board and became Commissioner of Irish Lights. He was President of the Institute of Civil Engineers, a Free State Senator from 1922 to 1936 and was given the honorary freedom of Dublin.

GRIFFITHS, AMYAS 1746-1801

Amyas Griffiths was born in Roscrea, County Tipperary. He was Surveyor of Excise at Belfast, but lost his job when he supported Waddell Cunningham, the rich Belfast merchant against the government candidate at Carrickfergus in 1785. In elections he used a portable printing press. Among his writings are Miscellaneous Tracts; a play, The Swaddler, and a volume of poetry which he published when he was sixteen.

GRIMSHAW, BEATRICE 1870-1953

Beatrice Grimshaw was born at Cloonagh, near Dunmurry, County Antrim. She was educated at Margaret Byers's Ladies' Collegiate College, Belfast, in Caen and in London. She was a keen cyclist, and broke the women's world 24 hour record by five hours. As a journalist in Dublin from 1891 to 1899 she became sub-editor of Irish Cyclist and from 1895 edited the Social Review for four years. Until 1903 she was a freelance journalist, a tour organiser and an emigration promoter. In that year she went to the Pacific, and from 1907 to 1934 lived in Papua New Guinea, where she ran a coffee plantation for several years. Sixteen of her novels are set in Papua, and nine on other Pacific islands. She published several travel books, including In the Strange South Seas, (illustrated by her own photographs) 1907; From Fiji to the Cannibal Islands, 1907 and The New New Guinea, 1910. Among her novels are When the Red Gods Call; Guinea Gold; The Mystery of Tumbling Reef and South Sea Sarah. She also published ten volumes of short stories and contributed articles to The National Geographic. There is a misleading claim, possibly based on the 1928 British Who's Who entries, 'that she was the first white woman to ascend the notorious Sepic and the Fly River'. She prided herself in writing for 'the-man-who-could-not-go' and said of herself: 'I have no new range of rivers to my credit, though I have mapped a few odd corners here and there, and often met natives who had never seen a white person - that is easy in Papua.' She died in Bathurst, New South Wales.

GRIMSHAW, JAMES 1798-1857

James Grimshaw was probably born in Whitehouse, County Antrim, and went to work in the family linen business. He was interested in natural history and was a member of the Belfast Natural History and Philosophical Society, to which he contributed various papers, such as Flora of the Cave Hill. He was one of the founders of Belfast Botanic Gardens.

GRIMSHAW, WILLIAM 1782-1852

William Grimshaw was born at Greencastle, County Antrim, and emigrated to Philadelphia. He was the author of many books, including an etymological dictionary and numerous text books. He also wrote the Life of Napoleon. He died in Philadelphia.

GRUBB, THOMAS 1800-1878

Thomas Grubb was born in Kilkenny. While working in Dublin he designed a machine which engraved, printed and numbered Bank of Ireland notes. He became interested in optics, and in 1835 he erected one of the first refractors at the Armagh Observatory. He also provided the refractors for Markree and Dunsink Observatories and for Melbourne, Australia. He was a member of the Royal Irish Academy and Fellow of the Royal Society of London.

GUTHRIE, TYRONE 1900-1971

Tyrone Guthrie was born in Tunbridge Wells, Kent, but came to live in his parental home at Annaghmakerrig, Newbliss, County Monaghan when he was six months old. He was educated at Wellington College and St John's College, Oxford. In 1923 he was invited to join the Oxford Playhouse, but after a short time left to join the BBC in Belfast. He became director of the Scottish National Theatre Society in Glasgow for two years. He worked with the BBC in London and with the Canadian Broadcasting Corporation, as well as with the Festival Theatre, Cambridge, and the Westminster Theatre, London. In 1931 he directed plays for Sadler's Wells and the Old Vic. He became director of the latter in 1951. Many of his productions were staged in Australia, England, America, Finland and Israel, and he became first director of the Old Minnesota Classical Theatre in Minneapolis. He was given honorary degrees by, among others, Queen's University, Belfast, and Trinity College, Dublin, and from 1963 to 1970 served as Chancellor of Queen's University. He was also Chairman of the Ulster Theatre Council and in 1961 was knighted for his service to the theatre. In 1962 he established a jam factory in Newbliss, in an attempt to alleviate high unemployment. Among his publications are Theatre Prospect; Top of the Ladder; In Several Directions and A Life in the Theatre. He died in Annaghmakerrig House, Newbliss, County Monaghan, and in his will left his house to the Irish government as a retreat for artists and writers.

GWYNN, JOHN 1827-1917

John Gwynn was born in Larne, County Antrim, and was educated at Portora Royal School, Enniskillen, and Trinity College, Dublin, where he became a fellow in 1853. He qualified as Doctor of Divinity and Doctor of Civil Law, the latter at Oxford. For eight years from 1856 he was Warden of St Columba's College, Rathfarnham. He was Dean of Raphoe and Derry and in 1888 was appointed Regius Professor of Divinity at Trinity College, Dublin, a position which he held until 1907. Among his publications are translations from the Syriac and he also edited The Book of Armagh in 1913.

GWYNN, LUCIUS HENRY 1874-1902

Lucius Gwvnn was born in Ramelton, County Donegal. He played rugby for Dublin University and won seven caps for Ireland between 1893 and 1898. He and his brothers played rugby for Leinster. He was also an Irish cricket international and played for Lancashire and the Gentlemen of England. His playing record for Ireland in eleven international cricket matches gives him the best average runs-per-innings of any pre-Second World War cricketer.

GWYNN, ROBERT MALCOLM 1877-1962

Robert Gwynn was born in Ramelton, County Donegal. He was educated at St Columba's College, Rathfarnham, and Trinity College, Dublin. Between 1916 and 1952 he held appointments at Trinity, including Professor of Biblical Greek, Professor of Hebrew, Senior Lecturer and Vice-Provost.

GWYNN, STEPHEN LUCIUS 1864-1950

Stephen Gwynn was born in Dublin, but spent his formative years in County Donegal. He was educated in Dublin and Oxford. He became a teacher, then journalist and author and from 1906 to 1918 he was a Nationalist member of parliament for Galway and later a member of the Irish Convention. In 1899 he published Highways and Byways in Donegal and Antrim, and his collected poems were published in 1923. The Old Knowledge; John Maxwell's Marriage; The Glade in the Forest, and Robert Emmet are among his novels and short-story collections. His autobiography, Experiences of a Literary Man, was published in London in 1926. Regarded as an expert on 18th-century Ireland, he wrote Henry Grattan and his Times, as well as several biographies, including Dean Swift and Goldsmith. He was awarded membership of the Legion of Honour for his service in France during the First World War. Before his death he was honoured by the Irish Academy of Letters and had an honorary doctorate conferred upon him by the National University of Ireland. In the Municipal Gallery of Modern Art, Dublin, there is a portrait of Gwynn by Sir William Rothenstein.